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THE SAINT-LOUIS DE GONZAGUE ALUMINI FOUNDATION
ARTICLE I
Section 1.01 Articles of Organization.
The name and purposes of the corporation
shall be as set forth in its Articles of Organization. These Bylaws, the powers
of the corporation and of its members and directors (trustees) and officers and
all matters concerning the conduct and regulation of the affairs of the
Corporation shall be subject to such provisions in regard thereto, if any, as
are set forth in the Articles of Organization as from time to time in effect.
(Complete Articles of Organization)
Section 1.02
Location. The principal office of the corporation in the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts shall initially be located at the place set forth
in the Articles of Organization of the corporation.
Section 1.03
Corporate Seal. The directors (trustees) may adopt and alter the
seal of the corporation.
Section 1.04
Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the corporation shall end on
June 30th in each year.
Section 1.05
Gender. The pronoun "he" or "his," when appropriate, shall be
construed to mean also "she" or "her" and the word "chairman" shall be construed
to include a female.
ARTICLE II Members
Section 2.01
Number, Election and Qualification.
The incorporator(s) at their
initial meeting and thereafter the members annually at their annual meeting
shall fix the number of members and shall elect the number of members so fixed.
At any special or regular meeting the members may increase the number of members
and elect new members to complete the number so fixed by a vote of a majority of
the members then in office; or they may decrease the number of members, but only
to eliminate vacancies caused by the death, resignation, removal or
disqualification of one or more members. Unless the members otherwise
-designate, there shall be no qualifications for members. No such designation
shall disqualify a member in office when the designation is made.
Section 2.02
Term of Membership. Each member shall hold office until the next
annual meeting of members and until his successor is elected and qualified, or
'" '" until he sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes disqualified.
Section 2.03
Powers and Rights. In addition to the right to elect directors
(trustees) as provided in Section 3.02 and such other powers and rights as are
vested in them by law, the Articles of Organization or these Bylaws, the members
shall have such other powers and rights as the directors (trustees) may
designate.
Section 2.04
Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of members shall be held quarterly in each year (unless that
day be a legal holiday at the place where the meeting is to be held, in which
case the meeting shall be held at the same hour on the next succeeding day not a
legal holiday) or at such other earlier or later date and time as shall be
determined from time to time by the directors (trustees) or by the President.
Section 2.05 Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the members may be held at
such times as the members may determine.
Section 2.06
Special Meetings. Special meetings of the members may be held at
any time when called by the President or by the directors (trustees).
Section 2.07
Place of Meetings. All meetings of the members shall be held at the
principal office of the corporation in Massachusetts or at such other place
within the United States as shall be fixed by the directors (trustees) or the
President.
Section 2.08
Notice of Meetings. A written notice of each meeting of members,
stating the place, date and time and the purposes of the meeting, shall be given
at least seven (7) days before the meeting to each member entitled to vote
thereat and to each other member who, by law, by the Articles of Organization or
by these Bylaws, is entitled to notice, by leaving such notice with him or at
his residence or usual place of business, or by mailing it, postage prepaid,
addressed to such member at his address as it appears in the records of the
corporation. Whenever notice of a meeting is required, such notice need not be
given to any member if a written waiver of notice, executed by him (or his
attorney hereunto authorized) before or after the meeting, is filed with the
records of the meeting.
Section 2.09
Quorum. At any meeting of the members a majority of the members
then in office (whether present in person or by proxy or otherwise duly
represented) and entitled to vote on any action proposed at the meeting shall
constitute a quorum, except when a larger quorum is required by law, by the
Articles of Organization or by these Bylaws. Any meeting may be adjourned to
such date or dates not more than ninety (90) days after the first session of the
meeting by a majority of the votes cast upon the question, whether or not a
quorum is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further
notice.
Section 2.10
Action by Vote. Each member shall have one vote. When a quorum is
present at any meeting, a majority of the votes properly cast by members present
in person or duly represented shall decide any question, including election to
any office, unless otherwise provided by law, the Articles of Organization or
these Bylaws.
Section 2.11
Action by Writing. Any action required or permitted to be taken at
any meeting of the members may be taken without a meeting if all members
entitled to vote on the matter consent to the action in writing and the written
consents are filed with the records of the meetings of the members. Such
consents shall be treated for all purposes as a vote at a meeting.
Section 2.12
Proxies. Members may vote either in person or by written i proxy
dated not more than six months before the meeting named therein, which proxies
shall be filed before being voted with the clerk or other person responsible for
recording the proceedings of the meeting. Unless otherwise specifically limited
by their terms, such proxies shall entitle the holders thereof to vote at any
adjournment of the meeting but the proxy shall terminate after the final
adjournment of such meeting.
ARTICLE III
Board of Directors (Trustees)
Section 3.01
Power of the Board. The affairs of the corporation shall be managed by
the directors (trustees) who shall have and may exercise all the powers of the
corporation, except those powers reserved to the members by law, the Articles of
Organization or these Bylaws.
Section 3.02
Number and Election. The directors (trustees) shall be divided into
three classes of approximately equal size, the term of one class expiring each
year. At each annual meeting of the members following initial election and
division of directors (trustees) into three classes, the members shall fix the
number of directors (trustees) and shall elect for a term of three years the
appropriate number of successors to the class whose term is then expiring, and
they may also elect additional directors (trustees) to other classes to the
extent necessary to maintain approximate equality im size among classes. At any
special or regular meeting of the members may increase the number of directors
(trustees) and elect new directors (trustees) to complete the number so fixed by
a vote of a majority of the members then in office, or they may decrease the
number of directors (trustees), but only to eliminate vacancies existing by
reason of the death, resignation, removal or disqualification of one or more
directors (trustees). A director (trustee) may but need not be a member.
Section 3.03
Term of Office. Each director (trustee) shall hold office for the
term of the class to which he is elected and until his successor is elected and
qualified, or until he sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes disqualified.
Section 3.04
Committees. The directors (trustees) may, by vote of a majority of
the directors (trustees) then in office, elect or appoint one or more committees
and delegate to any such committee or committees that consist solely of
directors (trustees) any or all of the powers of the directors (trustees),
except those which by law, by the Articles of Organization or by these Bylaws
they are prohibited from delegating. Unless the directors (trustees) otherwise
determine, the Executive Committee shall have all of the powers of the directors
(trustees) during intervals between meetings of the directors (trustees), except
for the powers specified in Section 55 of Chapter 156B of the General Laws of
Massachusetts. Unless the directors (trustees) otherwise designate, committees
shall conduct their affairs as nearly as may be in the same manner as is
provided in these Bylaws for the directors (trustees). The members of any
committee shall remain in office at the pleasure of the directors (trustees).
Section 3.05
Regular Meetings. The directors (trustees) shall meet annually
immediately following the annual meeting of the members. Other regular meetings
of the directors (trustees) may be held at such places and at such times as the
directors (trustees) may determine.
Section 3.06
Special Meetings. Special meetings of the directors (trustees) may
be held at any time and at any place when called by the chairman of the board of
directors (trustees) (or if there be no such chairman, the President) or by two
or more directors (trustees).
Section 3.07
Notice of Meetings. Notice of the time and place of such meeting of
the directors (trustees) shall be given to each director (trustee) by mail at
least five (5) days or by telegram at least forty-eight (48) hours before the
meeting addressed to .him at his usual or last known business or residence
address or in person or by telephone at least twenty-four (24) hours before the
meeting. Whenever notice of a meeting is required, such notice need not be given
to any director (trustee) if a written waiver of notice, executed by him (or his
attorney thereunto authorized) before or after the meeting, is filed with the
records of the meeting, or to any director (trustee) who attends the meeting
without protesting prior thereto or at its commencement the lack of notice to
him. Neither such notice nor waiver of notice need specify the purposes of the
meeting, unless otherwise required by law, the Articles of Organization or these
Bylaws.
Section 3.08
Quorum. At any meeting of the directors (trustees) a majority of
the directors (trustees) then in office shall constitute a quorum. Any meeting
may be adjourned by a majority of the votes cast upon the question, whether or
not a quorum is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without
further notice.
Section 3.09
Action by Vote. When a quorum is present at any meeting, a majority
of the directors (trustees) present and voting shall decide any question,
including election of officers, unless otherwise provided by law, the Articles
of Organization, or these Bylaws.
Section 3.10
Action by Writing. Any action required or permitted to be taken at
any meeting of the directors (trustees) may be taken without a meeting if all
the directors (trustees) consent to the action in writing and the written
consents are filed with the records of the meetings of the directors (trustees).
Such consents shall be treated for all purposes as a vote at a meeting.
Section 3.11
Presence Through Communications Equipment. Unless otherwise provided
by law or the articles of Organization, members of the Board of Directors
(Trustees) may participate in a meeting of such board by means of a telephone
conference or similar communication equipments by means of which all persons
participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time, and
participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.
ARTICLE IV
Officers, Agents and Employees
Section 4.01
Number and Qualification. The officers of the corporation shall be
a President, Treasurer, Clerk and such other officers, if any, as the directors
(trustees) may determine. The corporation may also have such agents, if any, as
the directors (trustees) may appoint. An officer may but need not be a director
(trustee) or member. The clerk shall be a resident of Massachusetts unless the
corporation has a resident agent duly appointed for the purpose of service of
process. A person may hold more than one office at the same time. If required by
the directors (trustees), any officer shall give the corporation a bond for the
faithful performance of his duties in such amount and with such surety or
sureties as shall be satisfactory to the directors (trustees).
Section 4.02
Election. The President, Treasurer and Clerk shall be elected
annually by the directors (trustees) at their first meeting following the annual
meeting of the members. Other officers, if any, may be elected by the directors
(trustees) at any time.
Section 4.03
Tenure. The President, Treasurer and Clerk shall each hold office
until the first meeting of the directors (trustees) following the next annual
meeting of the members and until his successor is chosen and qualified, and each
other officer shall hold office until the first meeting of the directors
(trustees) following the next annual meeting of the members unless a shorter
period shall have been specified by the terms of his election or appointment, or
in each case until he sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes disqualified.
Each agent shall retain his authority at the pleasure of the directors
(trustees).
Section 4.04
Chairman of the Board of Directors (Trustees). If a chairman of the
board of directors (trustees) is elected, he shall preside at all meetings of
the members and directors (trustees), except as the directors (trustees) shall
otherwise determine, and shall have such other powers and duties as may be
determined by the directors (trustees).
Section 4.05
President and Vice Presidents. Unless the directors (trustees)
otherwise specify, the President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the
corporation and, subject to the control of the directors (trustees), shall have
general charge and supervision of the affairs of the corporation. If no chairman
of the Board of Directors (Trustees) is elected, the President shall preside at
all meetings of the members and of the directors (trustees), except as the
members or directors (trustees) otherwise determine.
The Vice President, or first Vice President if there are more than one, shall
have and may exercise all the powers and duties of the President during the
absence of the President or in the event of his inability to act. Vice
Presidents, if any, shall have such other duties and powers as the directors
(trustees) shall determine.
Section 4.06
Treasurer. The Treasurer shall be the chief financial officer and
the chief accounting officer of the corporation. He shall be in charge of its
financial affairs, books of account, accounting records and procedures, funds,
securities and valuable papers, and he shall keep full and accurate records
thereof. He shall also prepare or oversee all reports and filings required by
the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the Internal Revenue Service, and other
governmental agencies. He shall have such other duties and powers as designated
by the directors (trustees) or the president.
Section 4.07
Clerk. The clerk shall record and maintain records of all
proceedings of the members and directors (trustees) in a book or series of books
kept for that purpose, which book or books shall be kept within the Commonwealth
at the principal office of the corporation or at the office of its clerk or of
its resident agent. Such book or books shall also contain records of all
meetings of incorporators and the original, or attested copies, of the Articles
of Organization and Bylaws and names of all members and directors (trustees) and
the address of each. If the clerk is absent from any meeting of members or
directors (trustees), a temporary clerk chosen at the meeting shall exercise the
duties of the clerk at the meeting.
Section 4.08
Agents and Employees. The Board of Directors (trustees) may appoint
agents and employees who shall have such authority and perform such duties as
may be prescribed by the board. The board may remove any agent or employee at
any time with or without cause. Removal without cause shall be without prejudice
to 'such person's contract rights, if any, and the appointment of such person
shall not itself create contract rights.
Section 4.09
Compensation of Agents and Employees. The corporation may pay
compensation in reasonable amounts to agents and employees for services
rendered, such amount to be fixed by the board or, if the board delegates power
to any officer or officers, then by such officer or officer. The board may
require agents or employees to give security for the faithful performance of
their duties.
ARTICLE V
Resignations, Removals and Vacancies
Section 5.01
Resignations. Any member, director (trustee) or officer may resign
at any time by delivering his resignation in writing to the Chairman of the
Board, if any, the President or the clerk or to the corporation at its principal
office. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless specified to be
effective at some other time.
Section 5.02
Removals. A member or a director (trustee) may be removed with or
without cause by the vote of a majority of the members then in office. A
director (trustee) may be removed with cause by the vote of a majority of the
directors (trustees) then in office. An officer may be removed with or without
cause by the vote of a majority of the directors (trustees) then in office. A
member, director (trustee) or officer may be removed for cause only after
reasonable notice and opportunity to be heard before the body proposing to
remove him.
Section 5.03
Vacancies. Any vacancy in the membership or in the Board of
Directors (Trustees), including a vacancy resulting from the enlargement of the
board, may be filled by the members or, in the absence of member action to fill
such vacancy, by the directors (trustees) by vote of a majority of the directors
(trustees) then in office. The directors (trustees) shall elect a successor if
the office of the President, Treasurer or Clerk becomes vacant and may elect a
successor if any other office becomes vacant. Each such successor shall hold
office of the unexpired term and in the case of the President, Treasurer and
Clerk until his successor is chosen and qualified, or in each case until he
sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes disqualified. The members and the
directors (trustees) shall have and may exercise all their powers
notwithstanding the existence of one or more vacancies in their number.
ARTICLE VI
Execution of Papers
Section 6.01
Execution of Papers. Except as the directors (trustees) may
generally or in particular cases authorize the execution thereof in some other
manner, all deeds, leases, transfers, contracts, bonds, notes, checks, drafts
and other obligations made, accepted or endorsed by the corporation shall be
signed by the President, a Vice President or the Treasurer.
Any recordable instrument purporting to affect an interest in real estate,
executed in the name of the corporation by the President or a Vice President and
the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, who may be one and the same person,
shall be binding on the corporation in favor of a purchaser or other person
relying in good faith on such instrument notwithstanding any inconsistent
provisions of the Articles of Organization, Bylaws, resolutions or votes of the
corporation.
ARTICLE VII
Compensation,. Personal Liability
Section 7.01
Compensation. Directors (trustees) shall be entitled to receive for
their services such amount, if any, as the members or directors (trustees) may
determine which may include expenses of attendance at meetings. Members and
directors (trustees) shall not be precluded from serving the corporation in any
other capacity and receiving compensation for any such services. [The
corporation shall not pay any compensation to directors (trustees) for services
to the corporation, except that directors (trustees) may be reimbursed for
expenses incurred in the performance of their duties to the corporation, in
reasonable amounts as approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of
directors (trustees) then in office.] The corporation may pay compensation in
reasonable amounts to officers for services rendered, such amounts to be fixed
by a majority of the board of directors (trustees) then in office.
Section 7.02
No Personal Liability. The members, directors (trustees) and
officers of the corporation shall not be personally liable for any debt,
liability or obligation of the corporation. All persons, corporations or other
entities extending credit to, contracting with, or having any claim against, the
corporation, may look only to the funds and property of the corporation for the
payment of any such contract or claim, or for the payment of any debt, damages,
judgment or decree, or of any money that may otherwise become due or payable to
them from the corporation.
Section 7.03
Indemnification and Insurance. No trustee or officer of the
corporation shall be personally liable to the corporation or its members for
monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as such trustee or officer
notwithstanding any provision of law imposing such liability, except to the
extent that such exemption from liability is not permitted under Chapter 180 of
the Massachusetts General Laws. The corporation shall, to the extent legally
permissible, indemnify each person who serves as one of its members, trustees or
officers, or who serves at its request as a member, trustee or officer of
another organization or in a capacity with respect to any employee benefit plan
(each such person being called in this Section 7.03 a "Person") against all
liabilities and expenses, including amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments,
in compromise or as fines and penalties, and counsel fees, reasonably incurred
by such Person in connection with the defense or disposition of any action, suit
or other proceeding, whether civil or criminal, in which such Person may be
involved or with which such Person may be threatened, while in office or
thereafter, by reason of being or having been such a Person, except with respect
to any matter as to which such Person shall have been adjudicated in any
proceeding not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his or
her action was in the best interests of the corporation or, to the extent that
such matter relates to service at the request of the corporation for another
organization or an employee benefit plan, in the best interests of such
organization or of the participants or beneficiaries of such employee benefit
plan. Such best interests shall be deemed to be the best interests of the
corporation for the purposes of this Section 7.03.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, as to any matter disposed of by a compromise
payment by any Person, pursuant to a consent decree or otherwise, on
indemnification either for said payment or for any other expenses shall be
provided unless such compromise shall be approved as in the best interests of
the corporation, after notice that it involves such indemnification, (a) by a
disinterested majority of the trustees then in office; or (b) by a majority of
the disinterested trustees then in office, provided that there has been obtained
an opinion in writing of independent legal counsel to the effect that such
Person appears to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his or
her action was in the best interests of the corporation; or (c) by a majority of
the disinterested members entitled to vote, voting as a single class.
Expenses, including counsel fees, reasonably incurred by any Person in
connection with the defense or disposition of any such action, suit or other
proceeding may be paid from time to time by the corporation in advance of the
final disposition thereof upon receipt of an undertaking by such Person to repay
the amounts so paid -if such Person ultimately shall be adjudicated to be not
entitled to indemnification under this Section 7.03. Such an undertaking may be
accepted without reference to the financial ability of such Person to make
repayment.
The right of indemnification hereby provided shall not be exclusive. Nothing
contained in this Section shall affect any other rights to indemnification to
which any Person or other corporate personnel may be entitled by contract or
otherwise under law.
The Board of Directors (Trustees) may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf
of any person who is or was a director (trustee), officer, employee, or agent of
the corporation, or who is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a
director (trustee), officer, employee or agent of another corporation,
partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against any liability
asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity,
or arising out of his or her status as such, whether or not the corporation
would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the
provisions of this section.
In no case, however, shall the corporation indemnify, reimburse, or insure any
person for any taxes imposed on such individual under chapter 42 of the Code.
Further, if at any time the corporation is deemed to be a private foundation
within the meaning of § 509 of the Code then, during such time, no payment shall
be made under this Article if such payment would constitute an act of
self-dealing or a tax- able expenditure, as defined in § 4941(d) or 4945(d),
respectively, of the Code. Moreover, the Corporation shall not indemnify,
reimburse, or insure any person in any instance where such indemnification,
reimbursement, or insurance is inconsistent with § 4958 of the Code or any other
provision of the Code applicable to corporations described in § 501(c)(3) of the
Code.
If any part of this section shall be found in any action, suit, or proceeding to
be invalid or ineffective, the validity and the effectiveness of the remaining
parts shall not be affected. As used in this Section 7.03, the term "Person"
includes such Person's respective heirs, executors and administrators, and a
"disinterested" member, trustee or officer is one against whom in such capacity
the proceeding in question, or another proceeding on the same or similar
grounds, is not then pending.
ARTICLE VIII
Amendments
Section 8.01
Amendment. These Bylaws may be altered, amended or repealed at any
annual or special meeting of the members, notice of which shall specify the
subject matter of the proposed alteration, amendment or repeal or the sections
to be affected thereby, by vote of the members. These Bylaws may also be
altered, amended or repealed by vote of a majority of the directors (trustees)
then in office, except with respect to any provision thereof which by law, the
Articles of Organization or these Bylaws requires action by the members. Not
later than the time j; of giving notice of the meeting of members next following
the amending or repealing by the directors (trustees) of any Bylaws, notice
thereof stating the substance of such change shall be given to all members. Any
by-law so altered, amended or repealed by the directors (trustees) may be
further altered or amended or reinstated by the members in the above manner.
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